Development of the surface displacement velocity in a full-scale loamy model slope under multistep excavation

Abstract Multistep excavations were implemented at the toe of a large-scale slope model, and surface displacements in measured to examine validity relationship between velocity acceleration proposed by Fukuzono for excavated slopes. The displacement increased both during after excavation, among which latter was due creep deformation under constant stress. rate increase initially high then decreased zero excavation without failure. However, exhibited an accelerated final prior failure; with small fluctuations even before failure occurred. also fluctuated notably variations displacement. trendlines derived relationships good general agreement data certain locations model slope. These unique different on slope, while inclination trendline suddenly just steeper predicted earlier time if large close condition, whereas they resulted worse predictions far from causing according prediction method Fukuzono.